Home » Ile de Malte Histoire » Malta's Megalithic temples » Tarxien Temples
A complex of four megalithic temples makes up The Tarxien Temples site, which is located in the heart of the village of Tarxien. Its location is around 400metres to the east of the Hypogeum of Ħal-Saflieni, another one of Malta’s famous temples.
Built between 3600 and 2500 BC, this complex is the largest prehistoric site on the islands and is now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
More info about similar sites in Malta: Uncovering Malta’s Megalithic Temples (including map)
Buy a Multipass to visit the Tarxien Temples and many other temples and museums and save on your sightseeing tickets. Malta has a very high density of monuments, sites and historic buildings, so you’ll certainly want to explore more than one during your trip!
Perhaps it’s not the most impressive temple complex in Malta, however, there are some unique items that make it worth a visit, such as exquisite examples of prehistoric art, including the lower part of a large, skirted statue, the famous spirals and reliefs of two bulls and a sow.
Three of the four temples are constructed in the same five-apse plan as the other temples on the island, however, the central temple is unique in its design, having six apses. Most probably the central temple was also roofed.
The original purpose of the temples was probably that of animal sacrifice, confirmed by reliefs of animals, a number of altars, animal bones and the presence of tools such as a flint knife. Human remains were found at the centre of the South temple and experts think that this is proof that the temples were re-used during the Bronze Age for burial.
Local farmers discovered the temples in 1913 while ploughing their fields. The excavation was carried out between 1915 and 1919, with three of the four structures being reconstructed by Sir Themistocles Zammit (a renowned Maltese archaeologist and historian, professor of chemistry, medical doctor, researcher, and writer, also known as Temi Zammit) during the process.
Stone spheres found during the excavation may perhaps shed some light on how our prehistoric forefathers managed to carry around the megaliths (huge slabs of stone). The prevailing theory is that these spheres were used as stone rollers to carry the megaliths from where they were quarried to the final location.
Since 2015, as is the case with the temples of Mnajdra and Ħaġar Qim, the Tarxien Temples are covered by tent-like shelters to protect the site from the elements.
Note that the images in this article were taken back in 2009 when the canopy shelter had not yet been erected.
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Let’s take a closer look at how the Tarxien archaeological site is organised and what makes it so unique.
Like the other prehistoric buildings on Malta and Gozo, the complex of four religious buildings at Tarxien is one of the first free-standing stone buildings in the world. The interior of each building is made up of apses, which are semi-circular chambers arranged symmetrically on either side of the main axis.
Studying their construction has revealed a fascinating story to archaeologists. The four buildings were not all built at the same time.
The easternmost temple is the oldest, dating back to 3250 BC. Only the lower part of the walls has survived.
The southern and eastern temples date back to 3000 BC.
The former is rich in prehistoric art, with treasures such as bas-reliefs depicting spirals and animals. The originals of these bas-reliefs have been removed from the site for preservation and can be admired at the National Museum of Archaeology in Valletta. These carved stones, revealing the skills of Malta’s earliest inhabitants, have been replaced by casts, which you will see during your visit to the Tarxien site.
The eastern building, although simpler, follows the traditional design of these megalithic structures, with two semi-circular chambers on either side of a central corridor.
The central temple was the last to be built (2900 – 2500 BC). It has the unusual feature of being made up of six apses, with traces of an arched roof allowing visitors to imagine what these structures might have looked like when they were covered.
To get to Tarxien Temples you can go to Valletta and catch a ride on bus routes 84, 85, or 88. The trip takes around 40 minutes.
Daily: 09.00 – 16.30hrs. Last admission at 16.30hrs.
Closed on 24, 25 & 31 December, 1 January & Good Friday.
Neolithic Temples Street,
Tarxien TXN 1063
Tel: +356 21 695 578
Buy a Multipass to visit the Tarxien Temples and many other temples and museums and save on your sightseeing tickets.
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